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Abstract
Fiber reinforced polymer composites can save weight in rotorcraft structures, but have not been widely used in driveshafts duein part to their limited impact tolerance. The objective of the current investigation is to evaluate the effects of incorporatingvariable amounts of nanosilica (NS) particles in the matrix on the ballistic impact tolerance of carbon/epoxy tubes loaded intorsion. Tubes manufactured with these matrix materials were ballistically impacted using a round steel projectile aimed atnormal incidence across the major diameter. After impact, the tubes were nondestructively inspected and subjected tomechanical tests to determine the axial and shear stiffness and the residual shear strength in torsion. In the best materialformulations, which were 15 and 25 weight percent NS in epoxy, the use of NS decreased the impact damage area by 50%,increased the residual shear strength by 38%, and increased the energy absorbed per unit damage area by 120% versus thecontrol material with no NS. Overall, the addition of NS significantly improved the impact tolerance of carbon/epoxy tubesloaded in torsion, with little change in the mass density, glass transition temperature, and elastic modulus.

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  Effects of Nanosilica on the Ballistic Impact Tolerance of Carbon/Epoxy Tubes Loaded in Torsion

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